🌍 World’s top court wades into climate justice

🗺️ AROUND THE WORLD

1. 🇰🇷 South Korea: Economists expect South Korea’s exports to decline by 17.5% in March from a year earlier. The significant decline is mainly attributed to weaker demand from China.

2. 🇷🇺 Russia: Moscow has detained Wall Street Journal reporter and US citizen ​​Evan Gershkovich on espionage charges. Russian intelligence alleges he was collecting information about a Russian military enterprise (a claim the newspaper denies).

3. 🇦🇺 Australia: Canberra has passed climate legislation to force the country’s top polluters to cut emissions by 4.9% a year by 2030. Australia has struggled to reduce pollution from its coal and gas sector, a major contributor to the nation’s US$282 billion in energy and resource exports.

4. 🇧🇷 Brazil: Former president Jair Bolsonaro returned to Brazil yesterday (Thursday) after nearly three months abroad. He’s expected to lead Brazil’s opposition, but also faces investigations into the storming of Brazil’s Congress and lavish gifts from Saudi Arabia.

5. 🇬🇭 Ghana: Vice President Kamala Harris kicked off the first leg of her week-long Africa tour in Ghana where she pledged $1B towards women’s economic development across Africa. Harris's trip through Ghana, Tanzania and Zambia is aimed at countering China’s influence.

🌱 THE UN | CLIMATE

UN brings climate change to the World Court

Briefly: On Wednesday, the UN General Assembly agreed to seek an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on countries’ obligations to address climate change. The resolution was put forward by the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu.

Some 130 countries co-sponsored the resolution, which ended up passing without a vote – a small miracle, considering a) the US and China (the world’s top emitters) were notably ‘meh’ about the proposal, and b) the UN loves voting.

Vanuatu said China didn’t respond to a request to co-sponsor the resolution. For its part, the US said taking the matter to court “will likely accentuate disagreements”. But in the end, the two rivals found some rare (if uninspiring) common ground: they neither sponsored nor opposed the resolution.

It passed just weeks after Vanuatu was hit by two back-to-back cyclones, the severity of which the country’s leaders attributed to global warming. Vanuatu already has the highest disaster risk in the world.

The ICJ will now take up to 18 months to deliver its opinion, which will be highly influential but not legally binding.

Intrigue’s take: Wednesday’s news was the culmination of four years of campaigning led by Vanuatu. And it all started as an idea from law students at the University of the South Pacific in Fiji. So it’s hard not to cheer the David & Goliath angle.

But this win is also being celebrated across the entire Pacific Islands community, which has chafed at being seen as a mere prize in the US-China rivalry. The region has long identified climate as a top priority, and yet neither China nor the US backed Wednesday’s resolution. Something’s gotta give.

Also worth noting:

• This isn’t the first time Vanuatu has played a lead role on climate issues: the UN’s COP27 climate summit last year agreed to create a loss and damage fund, which Vanuatu first proposed back in 1991.

• The Pacific Island nations of Palau and the Marshall Islands attempted to pass a similar climate resolution at the UN in 2011.

Today’s briefing is sponsored by Highland Titles

🇲🇾 MALAYSIA | GEO-ECONOMICS

Malaysia looks to the Middle East amid EU dispute

Briefly: Malaysia is responding to tighter EU rules on deforestation by shifting its palm oil sales to North Africa and the Middle East instead.

Palm oil is the most popular vegetable oil on earth, used to whip up stir-fries (yum!), bake bundt cakes (scrumptious!), and blend hazardous biofuels (delicious!). But producing it at scale often means ripping up tropical forests and displacing wildlife to clear the way for palm trees.

Last year, the EU agreed to combat deforestation by forcing importers to prove their products weren’t made on deforested land.

Indonesia and Malaysia (the world’s largest and second largest producers) immediately filed complaints, calling the legislation protectionist and disputing its definition of deforestation. Earlier, they even accused the EU of “crop apartheid”.

They continue to lobby for changes before the EU rules take effect in 2024. But the fact Indonesia and Malaysia are already finding new buyers elsewhere suggests they hold little hope of changing the EU’s mind.

Intrigue’s take: This case is a reminder that policies don’t always work as intended: the EU hoped its rule would halt deforestation in South-East Asia. But for now, the palm oil producers are merely switching customers instead.

It’s also a reminder that Western aims are more easily thwarted in a multipolar world. As the world’s third largest consumer of palm oil, the EU has clout. But can you guess the top two palm oil importers? A hint: they’re the same two buyers rescuing Russian oil from EU sanctions. Yep, China and India.

Also worth noting:

• Malaysian palm oil exports to the EU declined 22% in February from the same time last year. Meanwhile, they jumped 32% to the Middle East and 51% to North Africa.

• The UK agreed to eliminate tariffs on Malaysian palm oil in exchange for joining the CPTPP.

👀 EXTRA INTRIGUE

By popular demand, our co-founder Helen is back with an intriguing crossword! You can also play online here.

💌 LETTER OF THE DAY

Generative AI poses “profound risks to society”…

… according to an open letter signed by more than 1,000 tech leaders including Elon Musk, Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, and the scientists behind the Doomsday Clock. But magical things (be they genies or chatbots) are rarely, if ever, put back in their bottles.

🗳️ QUIZ TIME!

The theme for this week’s quiz is independence!

Quiz answers: 1-a, 2-b, 3-d.

Crossword answers:
Across: 1. Fish 3. Cars 6. Petroleum 8. Tobacco 9. Cream
Down: 2. Soya 3. Copper 4. Coal 5. Sri Lanka 7. Gold